Search results for "Auditory stimuli"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
Impact of olfactory and auditory priming on the attraction towards foods with high energy density
2015
\]\Recent research suggests that non-attentively perceived stimuli may significantly influence consumers' food choices. The main objective of the present study was to determine whether an olfactory prime (a sweet-fatty odour) and a semantic auditory prime (a nutritional prevention message), both presented incidentally, either alone or in combination can influence subsequent food choices. The experiment included 147 participants who were assigned to four different conditions: a control condition, a scented condition, an auditory condition or an auditory-scented condition. All participants remained in the waiting room during15 min while they performed a 'lure' task. For the scented condition,…
Affective modulation of conditioned eyeblinks
2009
Affective states are known to modulate reflexive actions. Aversive states potentiate defensive reflexes while appetitive states diminish them. The present study examined whether the same holds for associatively learned defensive eyeblinks to mild, initially neutral auditory stimuli. First, delay eyeblink conditioning was applied to human participants while they viewed emotionally neutral images. Next, the conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs) of the participants were tested during the viewing of unpleasant, neutral, or pleasant images. The most vigorous CRs were found during the unpleasant images, although they did not differ between neutral and pleasant images. The results add to the motiva…
Timing flickers across sensory modalities
2009
In tasks requiring a comparison of the duration of a reference and a test visual cue, the spatial position of test cue is likely to be implicitly coded, providing a form of a congruency effect or introducing a response bias according to the environmental scale or its vectorial reference. The precise mechanism generating these perceptual shifts in subjective duration is not understood, although several studies suggest that spatial attentional factors may play a critical role. Here we use a duration comparison task within and across sensory modalities to examine if temporal performance is also modulated when people are exposed to spatial distractors involving different sensory modalities. Di…
Early Auditory Evoked Potentials (EAEP) in Neurosurgery — A New Method for Diagnosis and Localization of Posterior Fossa Tumors in Childhood
1983
Auditory stimuli of suprathreshold intensity (above 60 dBHL) evoke about 15 waves: an early series (EAEP) during the initial 10 milliseconds (ms), a middle latency sequence (8 to 50 ms) and the longer latency cortical potentials (50 – 300 ms). PICTON et al. (1974) made a survey of all three potential groups. Only the EAEP (waves I to IV) are generated in the infratentorial part of the brain and reflect progressive activation of the auditory tracts and nuclei (Fig. 1): Wave I is assumed to originate at the distal part of the acoustic nerve, wave II in the medulla, wave III in the caudal and wave IV in the rostral pons and wave V in the midbrain (STARR and ACHOR, 1975; STOCKARD and ROSSITER, …
Basic auditory processing deficits in dyslexia: systematic review of the behavioral and event-related potential/ field evidence.
2012
A review of research that uses behavioral, electroencephalographic, and/or magnetoencephalographic methods to investigate auditory processing deficits in individuals with dyslexia is presented. Findings show that measures of frequency, rise time, and duration discrimination as well as amplitude modulation and frequency modulation detection were most often impaired in individuals with dyslexia. Less consistent findings were found for intensity and gap perception. Additional factors that mediate auditory processing deficits in individuals with dyslexia and their implications are discussed.
Abnormal synchrony and effective connectivity in patients with schizophrenia and auditory hallucinations
2014
Auditory hallucinations (AH) are the most frequent positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Hallucinations have been related to emotional processing disturbances, altered functional connectivity and effective connectivity deficits. Previously, we observed that, compared to healthy controls, the limbic network responses of patients with auditory hallucinations differed when the subjects were listening to emotionally charged words. We aimed to compare the synchrony patterns and effective connectivity of task-related networks between schizophrenia patients with and without AH and healthy controls. Schizophrenia patients with AH (n = 27) and without AH (n = 14) were compared with healt…
Processing of auditory stimuli during tonic and phasic periods of REM sleep as revealed by event-related brain potentials
1996
The brain has been reported to be more preoccupied with dreams during phasic than during tonic REM sleep. Whether these periods also differ in terms of the processing of external stimuli was examined. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to a frequent standard tone of 1000 Hz (P = 97%) and infrequent deviant tones of 1100 and 2000 Hz (P = 1.5% for each) were recorded (n = 13) during wakefulness and nocturnal sleep. An ERP wave (called REM-P3) resembling a waking P3 wave was larger for the 2000 Hz deviant during tonic than during phasic REM sleep. Also the P210 wave was larger during tonic than during phasic REM sleep. A reliable mismatch negativity component appeared only in wakefulness. I…
Nordic Comparison of 75-Year-Olds - Sensory and Psychomotor Functions
1993
Sensory and psychomotor functions were studied among 75-year-old men and women in three Nordic localities (Glostrup in Denmark, Gothenburg in Sweden, and Jyvaskyla in Finland) as part of a comparative study on functional capacity and health. Random samples were drawn from the population registers in Glostrup (n=550) and Gothenburg (n=450), whereas in Jyvaskyla all 75-year-old residents (n=388) were invited to participate in the study. Participation rates varied from 66.8% in Gothenburg to 79.1% in Jyvaskyla. Sensory functions studied included hearing (pure-tone thresholds at 125-8000 Hz), vision (visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure), balance (postural sway), and tactual sensitiv…